Tonsillitis

Tonsillitis is a common condition that affects people of all ages, especially children. It occurs when the tonsils—two oval-shaped glands at the back of the throat—become inflamed due to infection. While it’s usually not serious, it can be uncomfortable and sometimes requires medical treatment.

What Are Tonsils and Why Do They Get Infected?

Tonsils are part of your body’s immune system and help fight infections. However, they themselves can become infected by viruses or bacteria, leading to tonsillitis.

Causes of Tonsillitis

Viral Infections (most common): caused by cold viruses, Epstein-Barr virus, influenza, etc.
Bacterial Infections: most often due to Group A Streptococcus (same bacteria that causes strep throat).

Tonsillitis spreads through coughing, sneezing, or close contact with an infected person.

Common Symptoms of Tonsillitis

Sore throat
Red, swollen tonsils (sometimes with white patches)
Painful swallowing
Fever and chills
Bad breath
Swollen neck glands
Headache or ear pain
Loss of appetite or tiredness (especially in children)

How Is Tonsillitis Diagnosed?

Doctors diagnose tonsillitis based on:

Physical examination (checking the throat and tonsils)
Throat swab (to detect streptococcal bacteria)
Rapid antigen test or throat culture

Treatment Options

1. For Viral Tonsillitis:

No antibiotics needed
Focus on symptom relief

2. For Bacterial Tonsillitis (e.g., strep throat):

Antibiotics like penicillin or amoxicillin
Full course should be completed to prevent complications

3. Supportive Care:

Pain relievers like paracetamol or ibuprofen
Adequate hydration and rest

4. Surgery (Tonsillectomy):

Recommended if tonsillitis is recurrent (more than 5–7 times a year) or causes breathing problems or abscesses

Natural Home Remedies for Relief

These can help ease symptoms but do not replace medical treatment:

Warm salt water gargle – Reduces throat pain and swelling
Warm fluids (like soup or herbal tea) – Soothes the throat
Honey and turmeric in warm water – Natural anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial
Steam inhalation – Eases congestion and throat discomfort
Cold treats (like ice cream or popsicles) – Numb the throat and reduce pain
Adequate rest – Helps the immune system fight infection

When to See a Doctor

Severe sore throat with high fever
Difficulty breathing or swallowing
Tonsillitis not improving within a few days
Repeated episodes

Summary

Tonsillitis is usually mild and resolves with rest and simple remedies, especially if viral. Bacterial infections may need antibiotics. Recurring tonsillitis may require surgical removal. Home remedies can ease discomfort, but timely consultation with a doctor is essential for complete recovery.

Dr. Karuturi Subrahmanyam, MD, FRCP (London), FACP (USA)

Internal Medicine Specialist

Kify Hospital

Danavaipeta

Rajahmundry

Phone : 85000 23456